GALAXIES

Associates :

Marc SIMON, Iyas ISMAIL, LCPMR, Sorbonne Université, Paris

Victor BALEDENT,  LPS, Université Paris Saclay, Orsay

Matteo GATTI, LSI, Ecole Polytechnique

Academic Partners

Funding Parners :

IXS / RIXS / XES / RXES / HERFD-XAS

RIXS endstation
Energy range : ~4-12 keV
Spot size : 80 x 30 μm2 (H x V) [mode M2B] or 15 x 15 μm2 (H x V) [mode KB]
Includes several instruments

XES scanning / HERFD-XAS [MULTIXS]

4 crystals, R = 1m ou 0.5 m
Johann geometry
SDD Detector

XRS [MATRIXS]

Johann geometry
Si(110), 40 analyzers, R = 1m
2D hybrid pixelated 2D detector MERLIN (© QuantumDetector)

XES dispersive [VAMOXS / MOSARIX]

VAMOXS

Von Hamos dispersive geometry
8 x Si(110), 8 x Si(111), R :=0.5 m
2D hybrid pixelated 2D detector MERLIN (© QuantumDetector)
Accessible energy range : 4 - 12 keV

MOSARIX (Sorbonne Université)

Von Hamos dispersive geometry
2D hybrid pixelated 2D detector PILATUS 100K-M (© Dectris)
9​​​​​​ x HAPG graphite, R =0.5 m
Accessible energy range : 2 - 5 (12) keV

Sample Environments

1. High pressure cells
2. Low temperature cryostats : He flow / He closed loop / He Fast loading / He cryostat for high pressure 
3. High temperature
4. Liquid microjet
5. Liquide cell

Instrument

Hemispherical Analyzer SCIENTA EW4000 

Ec < 12 keV, resolution = 150 meV
wide acceptance angle +/- 25°
Spot size : 80 x 30 μm2 (H x V)

Sample preparation

1. UHV cleaving
2. High temperature (900 °C)
3. LEED

Sample environnements UHV

1. 4 axes manipulator
2. Low temperature (15 K)
3. High temperature (900 °C)
4. In-situ bias
5. Liquid microjet
6. Liquid cell
7. Gas cell

Please use the following references when using the beamline equipments

Beamline

J.-P. Rueff, J. M. Ablett, D. Céolin, D. Prieur, Th. Moreno, V. Balédent, B. Lassalle, J. E. Rault, M. Simon, and A. Shukla, The galaxies beamline at soleil synchrotron: Inelastic x-ray scattering and photoelectron spectroscopy in the hard x-ray range, J. Synchrotron Rad. 22, 175 (2015).

HAXPES

D. Céolin, J.M. Ablett, D. Prieur, T. Moreno,  J.-P. Rueff, B. Pilette, T. Marchenko, L. Journel, T. Marin, R. Guillemin, and M. Simon, Hard X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy on the GALAXIES beamline at the SOLEIL synchrotron, J. Elec. Spect. Relat. Phenom. 190, 188 (2013)

RIXS

J. M. Ablett,D. Prieur, D. Céolin, B. Lassalle-Kaiser, B. Lebert, M. Sauvage, Th. Moreno, S. Bac, V. Balédent, A. Ovono, M. Morand, F. Gélebart, A. Shukla and J.-P. Rueff, 'The GALAXIES inelastic hard X-ray scattering end-station at Synchrotron SOLEIL,' J. Synchrotron Rad. 26, 2019.

MULTIXS / VAMOXS

J. M. . Ablett, A. Berlioux, D. Prieur, J. Harrison, L. Heller, S.Gliga, and J.-P. Rueff, MULTIXS: A new scanning multi-analyzer x-ray emission spectrometer at the GALAXIES beamline at synchrotron SOLEIL, Review of Scientific Instruments 96 (2025), no. 5, 053104.

J. M. Ablett, and J.-P. Rueff, High energy resolution x-ray spectroscopy for materials studies at the GALAXIES beamline, synchrotron SOLEIL: HERFD-XAS, XES, and RXES, Synchrotron Radiation News, 1–6 (2025)

MOSARIX

I. Ismail, R. Moussaoui, R.  Vacheresse, T. Marchenko, O. Travnikova, R. Guillemin, A. Verma, N. Velasquez, D. Peng, H. Ringuenet, F. Penent, R. Püttner, D. Céolin, J.-P. Rueff, and M. Simon, MOSARIX: Multi-crystal spectrometer in the tender x-ray range at SOLEIL synchrotron, Review of Scientific Instruments 95 (2024), no. 5, 053103.

HRM

J.M. Ablett, J.-M. Dubuisson, T. Moreno, D. Céolin, E. Raimon,  D. Prieur, D. Corruble,  J. Coquet, A. Lestrade, C. Bourgoin, and J.-P. Rueff, New Design Concept for a High-Resolution In-Vacuum 4-Bounce Hard X-Ray Monochromator at the GALAXIES Beamline at the SOLEIL Synchrotron, Journal of Physics Conferences Series, 425: art.n° 052007 (2013)